Industrial R.O Systems

Our industrial R.O systems, also known as reverse osmosis systems remove bacteria and about 90 -95 % of the totally dissolved solids ( TDS) to provide tasty and safe drinking water. right at your industry. Thus these water purifier systems are used in many industries.

We put Membrane separation technology at work to produce pure water from poor inlet quality water. Our
Reverse Osmosis (R.O) based systems or water purifier nsystems removes bacteria and about 90 -95 % of the totally dissolved solids ( TDS) to provide tasty and safe drinking water right at your industry. Our industrial RO systems starts from a 200 LPH range all the way up to 50 m3.

Industrial RO plants are used in a wide variety of industries like the food processing, tool washing all the way to chemical separation in ETP's and other pharmaceutical applications.

Reverse Osmosis is a very reliable and time- tested treatment methodology to desalinate the water by reducing the total dissolved solids and other undesirable chemicals to drinking water standards. This technology is today acclaimed globally as the most advanced level of liquid filtration and is used for wider applications. Conventional filtration technology involves pumping the entire liquid stream through the filter medium. This is known as "dead-end" filtration. In the reverse osmosis process, raw water (high salt concentration) - after necessary pretreatment - is passed under sufficient external pressure through a semi-permeable membrane. This filtration is termed as crossflow or tangential flow filtration where water flows over and parallel to the membrane surface.

The RO membrane has a pore diameter of 0.0001 micron (ie.,0.00000004 inches) which is smaller than bacteria ( mm to 1 mm) and virus (0.02 mm to 0.04 mm) thereby ensuring effective filtration (99%). Such fine pores ensure that up to 95% of the ionic impurities do not escape through the membrane. The turbulent flow of water over the membrane surface minimizes the accumulation of particulate matter on the membrane and facilitates continuous operation of the system. This membrane is made of thin, multi-layered high quality polyamide sheets. The design of the RO PLANT is primarily based on two factors . TDS content in the feed water and the recovery/reject ratio. In the separation process, purified water permeates the membrane and is collected separately, while the reject water containing concentrated dissolved and suspended solids is discharged to the drain. The passage of water also depends on factors like molecular size and diffusability co-efficients. The feed water flows continuously across the membrane and the rejected solids get into the back flow and is sent to the reject port. This process continues without clogging the membrane.

RO process is very effective in the removal of inorganic chemical content like Chlorides, Nitrates , Fluorides, Lead, Copper, Mercury, Sulfates, Calcium, and Magnesium in addition to the removal of physical and microbial impurities.

The filtration units (pre-treatment) will have to be periodically backwashed to ensure the removal of accumulated physical contaminants. The level of anti-scalant chemical will have to be monitored and periodically refilled. The UV lamp has to be checked for any drop in intensity.

No amount of pretreatment will completely eliminate long-term fouling of the membranes and hence periodical cleaning of the membrane is vital and absolutely necessary. Generally, the periodicity of membrane cleaning is dictated by a reduction in the permeate (product water) flow or permeate (product water) quality. As a result of concentration polarization with RO membranes, a drop in product water quality may signal the onset of fouling before a drop in permeate flow. Large RO systems are equipped with automatic units to back flush the membrane at a preset frequency. Apart from this routine backflushing, chemical cleaning may be required once in every six months depending upon the fouling
potential of the feedstream.

The efficacy, durability and quality consistency of the output water of a Reverse Osmosis plant is ascertained based on the design basis, engineering accuracy, material of construction, prescribed usage and sound preventive maintenance. The design of the plant is of vital importance and MORF INDIA strictly adheres to the design guidelines issued by the membrane manufacturers. All our RO systems utilizes the state-of-the-art energy saving spiral wound TFC polyamide membranes. The components and membranes are selected to give the highest performance consistency, lowest down-time and ownership cost.

The recovery (permeate) from the RO plant vary between 20% and 70% based on the raw water TDS and theconfiguration of the plant. The reject water management (reuse and disposal) depends on the TDS content of thereject water.

The treatment scheme for a customized Reverse Osmosis plant to treat Tap Water, Brackish Water and Sea Water can be classified in to three major parts.

i. Pre-Treatment
ii. Principal Treatment
iii. Post-Treatment

The above scheme is determined based on the characteristics of the raw water and the applications of the product water.

The Pre-Treatment

The pre-treatment is primarily aimed at eliminating the physical and biological contaminants in the raw water and also reducing the impact of hardness. While pre-treatment will vary depending on the raw water characteristics, generally the pre-treatment to an RO plant consists of the following scheme.

Macro Filter - For removal of non-ionic and undissolved physical impurities
UV Sterilizer - For removal of microbiological impurities
Anti-scalant Chemical - for minimizing the impact of hardness and silica
Micron Filter - Further eliminating the physical impurities to micronic levels.

In case of higher load of microbiological impurities, the Macro Filter will be split into separate Pressure Sand Filter andActivated Carbon Filter along with a Dosing pump for chlorinating the water. An ORP meter is highly recommended in this scheme. Additional pre-treatment may be warranted in the event of presence of heavy metals, oil and grease, BOD/COD, silica and silt in the water. In sea-water applications, a tube settler / clarifier, flocculator will have to be used before the filtration units

The Principal Treatment

The principal treatment consists of the RO module. The RO membrane is chosen based on the TDS content in the water, required output and the desired operating pressure. Separate membranes are available for tap water (<2000 ppm), brackish water (2000 ppm - 8000 ppm) and sea water ( > 8000 ppm)applications. The RO module consists of RO membrane and the hi-pressure pump. Depending on the raw water quality, applications and product recovery, different types of pumps are used. viz. Vertical Multi-stage centrifugal pumps, Plunger pumps and Rotary Vane pumps. Adequate instrumentation has to be provided to ensure the smooth functioning and safety of the RO module.

MORF uses global brands of membranes like GE OSMONICS-USA, HYDRANAUTICS-USA, KOCH and TORAY-JAPAN reputed for their high efficiency, ruggedness and energy-saving designs in our RO plants. GRUNDFOS and WILO are the most preferred high pressure pumps.

RO membranes are manufactured in either cellulose triacetate or polyamides. Membranes are made in hollow fiber,spiral wound, plat and tubular modules. Selection factors for membranes include pH stability, fouling factors, working life, mechanical strength, operating pressure and selectivity for solutes.

Spiral wound configurations generally have more favourable operating characteristics and are most commonly used. Operating pressures are in the range of 75-1000 psi (5-67 bar). Membrane thickness are on the order of 0.05 mm.The RO housing comes in Stainless Steel and FRP. The intermediary pipes and fittings are available in SS 304 / SS 316 / UPVC / CPVC.

Instrumentation

The entire RO plant is mounted on a compact (Powder Coated MS / SS) skid with easy access to the controls.

The Post Treatment

The post-treatment required for the plant depends on the product water quality, applications and the distribution method chosen which are as follows.

i. pH Boosters - To neutralize the pH in the product water

ii. De-gasser Towers - To liberate the free CO2

iii. UV Sterlizers - To eliminate the storage re-contamination

iv. Ozonators To eliminate the storage re-contamination and increase the shelf life.

v. P-O-U systems. - Disinfection just before consumption

If the distribution is centralized, a single UV system or an ozonator will be sufficient. However, in case of decentralized distribution system, proportionate number of P-O-U (Point-of -use) systems will have to be provided.

Cutting-edge automation options can be provided which includes Microprocessor-based PLC (Programmable Logic Controllers) with Digital Display and Mimic, DCS, SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) with real-time logging and remote communication facility. MORF INDIA offers very user-friendly and flexible
automation packages with supervisory controls / access codes.

Pre-engineered and standardized modular models are available for domestic (Sparkle) and institutional requirements. For industrial applications and large scale operations, custom-designed RO plant can be fabricated and supplied to meet multifarious applications.

Commercial Packaged Drinking Water (Mineral Water) plants based on Reverse Osmosis purification technology can also be supplied on a turnkey basis. Guidance and consultancy to set up a laboratory and obtain necessary clearances from Bureau of Indian Standards (ISI) will also be provided.